바이오인

 

 

1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................ 6
2. ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF MARKETS FOR PATENTS ............................. 7
  2.1. Economic motivations to licensing ...................................................... 7
  2.2. Factors affecting technology transactions ........................................... 8
3. SURVEY IMPLEMENTATION AND EXPLOITATION ................................ 10
  3.1. The design and implementation of the survey ........................................ 10
  3.2. Exploitation of the data ................................................ 11

4. INITIAL ANALYSIS OF THE SURVEY RESPONSES ................................. 11
  4.1. Licensing of patents ......................................................................... 11
  4.2. Motivations for licensing (out) patents ............................................... 17
  4.3. Obstacles to licensing ................................................................ 18
  4.4. Financial uses of patents ......................................................... 21
  4.5. Collective mechanisms for organising transactions involving patents ............ 23
5. LESSONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS .................................. 23
ANNEXES .................................................................. 25
REFERENCES ............................................................. 31

 

 

A patent license is a contract by which the patent holder authorises another party to use its invention under certain conditions (notably financial). A market for technology refers to transactions for the use, diffusion and creation of technology (Arora et al., 2001). This includes transactions involving patents and other intellectual property rights (IPR), know-how and patent licensing. It also includes transactions involving knowledge that is not patentable or not patented (e.g. software, or the many non-patented designs and innovations). Patent licensing plays a central role in technology markets. It frequently constitutes the pillar for knowledge exchange as patents can work as “credible hostages” when non-protected,
complementary know-how and services are provided. This work aims at providing new evidence on the licensing of patents, its evolution and motivations, and on the obstacles companies face when attempting to commercialise patents in markets....계속