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It is essentially axiomatic that modern health care is an information- and knowledge-intensive enterprise. The information collected in health care includes-among other things- medical records of individual patients (both paper and electronic, spread across many different health care institutions), laboratory test results, information about treatment protocols and drug interactions, and a variety of financial and administrative information. Knowledge resides in the published medical literature, in the higher-order cognitive processes of individual clinicians and care providers, and in the organizational processes of health care institutions that facilitate the provision of care.

Whereas the practices of 20th century health care were based largely on paper, there is now a broad consensus that realizing an improved 21st century vision of health care will require intensive use of information technology to acquire, manage, analyze, and disseminate health care information and knowledge. Accordingly, the Administration and Congress have been moving to encourage the adoption, connectivity, and interoperability of health care information technology. President George W. Bush has called for nationwide use of electronic medical records by 2014, and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is involved in various aspects of achieving this goal.

The National Library of Medicine launched this study to support the engagement of individuals from the computer science research community in meeting two challenges posed by health care information technology: identifying how today’s computer science-based methodologies and approaches might be applied more effectively to health care, and explicating how the limitations in these methodologies and approaches might be overcome through additional research and development.

The study described in this report was conducted by an interdisciplinary committee of experts in biomedical informatics, computer science and information technology (including databases, security, networking, human-computer interaction, and large-scale system deployments), and health care providers (e.g., physicians who have worked with information technologies). Appendix A provides brief biographical information on the members and the staff of the Committee on Engaging the Computer Science Research Community in Health Care Informatics......계속