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RnD 클러스터정책을 통한 경제성장 창출

Creating Economic Growth through Cluster Policies for Cluster Management Excellence

◆ Executive Summary

In economic and innovation policy the term cluster is usually used to explain geographical concentrations of economic and innovation activities. According to conventional wisdom clusters support economic development through the specialization of regions in activities within which companies gain higher productivity through accessing external economies of scale or other comparative advantages. During the past 15 years clusters and innovative (competence) networks have gained more and more importance as an element of economic development and innovation strategies of the European Union and its Member States. The analyses in this report challenge conventional wisdom of what drives development and innovation within a cluster. Based on the largest international analysis of its kind involving a simultaneous benchmarking of more than 140 cluster organisations and of cluster policies from nine European countries it is found that the economic impacts of clusters depend on many more factors not related to the specialization of regions through the geographical concentration of the cluster than earlier research suggests. Cluster management excellence and the spectrum and frequency of business-related services of the cluster organization
are important determinants for the impact of a cluster. The analyses of cluster organisations and cluster policies also show many other key determinants for the development and characteristics of a cluster such as internationalization activities, R&D activities, age, technology areas etc.

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