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Without changes in policies the world is on a path towards global average temperature increases of 6 degrees Celsius and perhaps more. Between now and 2050 we must halve global energy sector emissions while doubling the supply of energy and sustaining economic growth. The scale of that challenge is daunting. There are no precedents on which we can rely. But experience with the Montreal Protocol ? the agreement to phase out ozone-depleting CFC’s ? shows on a much smaller and less complex scale that national governments will sign up to strong measures if they know technologies are available and
affordable and if there is a genuinely equitable basis on which countries with very different resources can engage.

A key message of the OECD’s Environmental Outlook 2030 is that effective global action on
climate change is not only possible but affordable and that equitable ways of engaging all countries are available. The IEA’s Energy Technology Perspectives 2008 adds detail and context to these conclusions by providing a detailed bottom-up study of those technologies which can be developed to meet the required emissions reductions in the energy sector. It confirms that although the costs are high (between $1 800 and $5 600 billion per annum in 2050), they could be manageable when the right policies are put in place and when set against the economic growth projected over that period.........계속