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The Human Brain –From Cells to Society : Towards Better Mental Health in Europe
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자료발간일
2012-11-20
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출처
European Science Foundation (ESF)
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원문링크
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키워드
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the_human_brain_ExeSummary.pdf
The Human Brain –From Cells to Society :
Towards Better Mental Health in Europe
Contents
Introduction
Levels of Organisation – Levels of Understanding
Expanding Views of Development and Plasticity
Translating Knowledge into Practice – treatment and prevention of brain disorders
Towards a Brain-aware Society – dealing with the implications of advances in the brain sciences
Conclusions and Future Directions
References
List of Contributors
Introduction
According to recent estimates, approximately 165million European citizens will suff er from mental illness in a given year.1 Th is equates to around 38% of the European population aff ected by mental illness alone. Unlike diseases such as cancer or heart disease, the primary burden of brain disorders is linked to disability. Th us, the combination of mental illness and neurological disorders is responsible for around one in three years of life lost to disability or premature mortality in women and one in four years in men.1 Yet despite this enormous societal burden, research investment aimed at the prevention and treatment of brain disorders is much lower than that provided for cancer or other areas of research such as information technology and agriculture.
Irrespective of the level of research investment directed towards brain disorders, it has become apparent that, aft er the fi rst boom of pharmacological treatment possibilities for brain disorders, pharmacological solutions are appearing at a much slower rate than anticipated. Th e number of new drugs entering the pipeline for the treatment of brain disorders, in particular mental illness, has declined dramatically.4 As a result, there is now a dramatic discrepancy between what is needed and what is being done to meet that need. Yet hope is to be found in fi elds such as psychotherapies. Besides pharmacological interventions, for instance, psychotherapy has made tangible advances over the last 10 to 15 years, and in many cases such treatment is at least as eff ective as drug therapy, while in some disorders the combination of pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy has demonstrated the best results.
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