바이오인

 

 

There are at least two policy regimes to be considered, one for environmental biotechnology, and another for industrial biotech. Environmental biotechnology is ed on biotechnologies for environmental clean-up, and much of the policy in this area is around compliance. Industrial biotechnology has quite different policy objectives and only ed to grow as a field with the worldwide interest in biofuels. Much of the world now has targets for bioenergy and favourable policy regimes to stimulate production and use of biofuels, but sustainability is now a real issue for biofuels production. This should become an international theme as more countries to adapt biofuels as part of their energy supply.

Growing concerns about the lack of environmental sustainability of past economic growth patterns, and increased awareness of a potential future climate crisis, have made it clear that the  environment and the economy can no longer be considered in isolation from one another. At the same time, the financial and economic crisis has provided the stimulus for policy interventions aimed at encouraging recovery and renewed growth on more sustainable grounds.

A strategic vision is necessary to ensure that the policies that governments implement are the most appropriate from an economic efficiency, environmental integrity and social equity point of view, as well as being coherent at both a national and an international level. As noted in the OECD Innovation Strategy (OECD, 2010b), a return to sustained and sustainable growth will depend upon innovation that delivers a much greener growth model than hitherto. Environmental and industrial applications of biotechnology could underpin such innovation and there is a clear need now to ensure that the policy measures in place are appropriate for fostering developments that truly deliver on green growth.

So the question arises as to what ? if anything ? needs to be done to improve the ability of innovation systems to harness the potential of biotechnology for environmental and industrial applications in ways that deliver against the range of challenges facing our future sustainable growth?

 

There are at least two policy regimes to be considered, one for environmental biotechnology, and another for industrial biotechnology. Environmental biotechnology is ed on biotechnologies for environmental clean-up, and many of the policy tools used in this area are about compliance. The materials being treated are “waste” materials (contaminated soil and water) and have no intrinsic value as such. Therefore the industries that make them have no economic interest in treating them because the treatment does not give profit to the companies. On the contrary, treating wastes is a significant financial burden for companies and historically they would not treat them unless made to do so. When the companies are made to treat these wastes, as a result of the polluter pays principle and other legislative/regulatory mechanisms, their interest is in achieving compliance, and they will usually treat the wastes according to the level demanded by regulation.

 

 

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